ForwardAction are mapped in the struts configuration file and this configuration is loaded into memory at startup and made available to the framework at runtime. 

 The ActionMapping object contains a path attribute that is matched against a portion of the URI of the incoming request.

<action path="/home" type="org.apache.struts.action.ForwardAction" 
parameter="home.jsp"/>

Thee mapping of action forward  can be specified in a global section. It independent of any specific action mapping


<global-forwards>
    <forward name="Success" path="success.jsp" />
    <forward name="Failure" path="index.jsp" />
</global-forward> 

Full Example:-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC 
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" 
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.r4r.struts.LoginForm"/>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards>
<forward name="login" path="/login.do"/>
</global-forwards>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login" type="com.r4r.struts.LoginAction" name="loginForm">
<forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"/>
<forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
<message-resources parameter="com.r4r.struts.ApplicationResources"/>
</struts-config> 



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